Miniplates coated by plasma electrolytic oxidation improve bone healing of simulated femoral fractures on low bone mineral density rats / Miniplacas texturizadas pela oxidação por plasma eletrolítico melhoram o reparo ósseo em simulações de fraturas femorais de ratas com baixa densidade mineral óssea

O tratamento de pacientes politraumatizados representa um grande desafio nas áreas de cirurgia maxilofacial e ortopédica. Portanto, este estudo testou a hipótese de que o uso de um revestimento bioativo (por oxidação eletrolítica de plasma, PEO) em microplacas de titânio poderia melhorar a cicatrização de fraturas de ratos com baixa densidade mineral óssea (DMO). Trinta ratas foram submetidas à cirurgia de ovariectomia bilateral (OVX) e 35 ratas foram submetidas à cirurgia falsa (SHAM). Três meses depois, os animais foram submetidos à simulação de fratura do fêmur, os quais foram fixados com miniplacas de titânio não revestidas (CONV) ou revestidas (PEO). Oito semanas de pós-operatório, os complexos miniplaca/osso foram analisados por meio de microtomografia computadorizada, histometria, microscopia confocal, análise molecular e biomecânica. Elementos bioativos (Ca e P) foram incorporados na miniplaca revestida por PEO e a superfície foi modificada em uma estrutura semelhante a um vulcão. Na análise microCT, o grupo OVX / PEO apresentou maiores valores para os parâmetros Tb.Th (espessura trabecular óssea), Tb.Sp (separação das trabéculas ósseas) e Tb.N (número de trabéculas) em comparação com o grupo OVX / CONV. De acordo com a análise histométrica, o grupo OVX / PEO apresentou formação de osso novo significativamente maior do que o grupo OVX / CONV (P < 0,05). Para a área de fluorocromo, os grupos OVX (PEO e CONV) apresentaram maiores valores de precipitação de calceína (osso velho) do que vermelho de alizarina (osso novo). Os resultados moleculares mostraram maiores valores para proteínas relacionadas à fase final de formação óssea (P < 0,05) no grupo OVX / PEO. O grupo OVX / PEO apresentou maior resiliência do sistema de osso / miniplaca em comparação com os demais (P < 0,05). Concluiu-se que o revestimento PEO otimiza a consolidação óssea em fraturas femorais simuladas em ratos com baixa densidade mineral óssea. Isso lança uma nova luz no tratamento de pacientes osteoporóticos com fraturas ósseas(AU)

The treatment of polytrauma patients represents a great challenge in the maxillofacial and orthopedic surgery fields. Therefore, this study tested the hypothesis that the use of a bioactive coating (by plasma electrolytic oxidation, PEO) on titanium microplates could improve the fracture healing of low bone mineral density (BMD) rats. Thirty female rats underwent bilateral ovariectomy surgery (OVX), and 35 rats underwent fake surgery (SHAM). Three months later, animals were subjected to femoral fracture simulation and were fixed with either non-coated (CONV) or coated (PEO) titanium miniplates. Eight weeks postoperatively, microplate/bone complexes were analyzed through computed microtomography, histometric, confocal microscopy, molecular, and biomechanical analysis. Bioactive elements (Ca and P) were incorporated on the PEO microplate and the surface was modified in a volcano-like structure. In the microCT analysis the OVX/PEO group had greater values for Tb.Th (bone trabecular thickness), Tb.Sp (separation of bone trabeculae) and Tb.N (number of trabeculae) parameters compared to the OVX/CONV group. According to histometric analysis, the OVX/PEO group showed significantly higher new bone formation than the OVX/CONV group (P < 0.05). For the fluorochrome area, the OVX groups (PEO and CONV) showed greater values for calcein precipitation (old bone) than alizarin red (new bone). Molecular results showed greater values for proteins related to the final phase of bone formation (P < 0.05) in the OVX/PEO group. The OVX/PEO group showed higher bone/miniplate system resilience compared to the others (P < 0.05). It was concluded that PEO coating optimizes bone healing on simulated femoral fractures in low bone mineral density rats. This sheds new light in the treatment of osteoporotic patients with bone fractures(AU)

A SERM increasing the expression of the osteoblastogenesis and mineralization-related proteins and improving quality of bone tissue in an experimental model of osteoporosis

Abstract Raloxifene is an antiresorptive drug, selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used in the treatment of osteoporosis. Objective To evaluate proteins related to bone repair at the peri-implant bone in a rat model of osteoporosis treated with raloxifene. Material and Methods 72 rats were divided into three groups: SHAM (healthy animals), OVX (ovariectomized animals), and RLX (ovariectomized animals treated with raloxifene). Raloxifene was administered by gavage (1 mg/kg/day). Tibial implantation was performed 30 days after ovariectomy, and animals were euthanized at 14, 42, and 60 days postoperatively. Samples were collected and analyzed by immunohistochemical reactions, molecular analysis, and microtomographic parameters. Results RLX showed intense staining of all investigated proteins at both time points except for RUNX2. These results were similar to SHAM and opposite to OVX, showing mild staining. The PCR gene expression of OC and ALP values for RLX (P<0.05) followed by SHAM and OVX groups. For BSP data, the highest expression was observed in the RLX groups and the lowest expression was observed in the OVX groups (P<0.05). For RUNX2 data, RLX and SHAM groups showed greater values compared to OVX (P<0.05). At 60 days postoperatively, microtomography parameters, related to closed porosity, showed higher values for (Po.N), (Po.V), and (Po) in RLX and SHAM groups, whereas OVX groups showed lower results (P<0.05); (BV) values (P=0.009); regarding total porosity (Po.tot), RLX group had statistically significant lower values than OVX and SHAM groups (P=0.009). Regarding the open porosity (Po.V and Po), the SHAM group presented the highest values, followed by OVX and RLX groups (P<0.05). The Structural Model Index (SMI), RLX group showed a value closer to zero than SHAM group (P<0.05). Conclusions Raloxifene had a positive effect on the expression of osteoblastogenesis/mineralization-related proteins and on micro-CT parameters related to peri-implant bone healing.

Comparação dos padrões istopatológicos de casos em pacientes diagnosticados com Schwannoma/Neurilemmoma bucal em relação a localização acometida da lesão / Comparison of histopathological patterns of cases in patients diagnosed with Schwannoma / Neurilemmoma buccal in relation to lesion location: a review of the literature

Introdução: Revisão da literatura comparando padrões histopatológicos e localização, em casos de Schwannoma e Neurilemmoma bucal. Metodologia: A base de dados utilizada foi Pubmed / Medline. Incluídos relatos de casos de Schwannoma e Neurilemmoma, os quais estivessem completos, contendo a idade, localização, gênero, aspectos histopatológico e imunoistoquimico. Resultados: Com a análise dos dados encontrados, constatamos que o gênero Feminino foi mais acometido, região mais afetada foi a língua, a média de idade encontrada foi de 33,46 anos, o padrão histopatológico encontrado com maior frequência foi a presença de padrões Antoni A e Antoni B juntos (38 casos). Conclusão: Observamos a importância da confirmação com imunoistoquimica positiva para S-100.(AU)

Introduction: Literature review comparing histopathological patterns and location in cases of Schwannoma and / or oral Neurilemmoma. Methods: The database used was Pubmed / Medline. Including reports of Schwannoma ou Neurilemmoma cases, which were complete, containing age, location, gender, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Results: With the analysis of the data found, we found that the female gender was more affected, the region more affected was the tongue, the mean age was 33.46 years, the most frequently found histopathological pattern was the presence of Antoni A and Antoni B patterns together (38 cases). Conclusion: We observed the importance of the confirmation with immunohistochemistry + S-100.(AU)